Electric phonograph



oct. 1, 1935-.

A. s. WINCHELI. 2,015,737 ELECTRIC PHoNoGRAPH Filed Apri1-16, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 mur nahme Off- 1 1935. A. B. wlNcHl-:LL I A 2,015,737

1 ELECTRIC PHQNOGRAPH ,l

Filed April 1e, 19:52 s Smets-sheetV 4A "9 FIG.' 4

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BY Hls ATrQ Patented Oct '1., i

- UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcEj 'A 2.015.137 i `rinric'rm'o rliouoamrnV Arthur B. Winchell Jackson, Mich., assignor, by

mesne rassignme Delaware to Radio Corporation of' America, New York, N.

Y., a corporation of Application Aprilia, 1932 serial No. 605.598 .zo owns. (ciau-1o) This invention relates to electric phonographs and more particularly to phonographs'- adapted to feed' and playconsecutively the records lplaced in supply position.

Automatic electric' phonographs adapted to play a series of records have long been known but the cost has been relatively high.

It isone of the objects of this invention to simplify the mechanical operation and parts 4of the phonograph to enable oneto producean automatic phonograph at low cost and vat the :same time improve the mechanical efliciency of tlie apparatus;

" A further object is to'minimize space re'qu'ired by storing the records on theturntable.

Other objects will appear in the following description, reference being had to the drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the phonograph apparatus. Fig. 2 is a rear View of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a'plan view of the apparatus shownin Fig. 1, the records being removed and the sup` porting plate form indicated in broken lines..

Fig. 4 is an end view` of the speed regulator attached directly to theA motor shaft.

Fig. 5is a detailed elevation of the catch and trip mechanism.

Fig. 6V is rear view of the apparatus shown Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the apparatus-of Fig. 5, the cam and tone lever arm being shown in broken lines. t Fig. 8 is a view of the main casting being viewed parallel to the motor axis, as shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. -9 is a crossed section taken through the` turntable bearing on lines 9 9 of Fig. 8.

t Fig.10 is a perspective view-of the cam.

Fig. 11 is a view ofthe-stamping that forms the support for the trip before certain of' the parts are bent into-'final position. v

Fig. 12 is an zend view Vof the trip shown in' Figs. 13, 14, 15 are diagrammatic illustrations to explain the theory of operation of the speed control for 'the motor. .l

The greater .part of 'the elements are supported in a main casting I (Figs. 8 an'd 9) whichhasa central opening 2 -in whicharelocated two bearing sleeves. 3, Ladapted to receive the shaft l of the motor-6. Th'e motor '8 is attached tothe casting by means of four screws I (only two `being shown in Fig. 3) which thread into four holes 8 m the mam casting (rig. a), irne mem-fanart has ascrew worinA 9 shown in dotted lines in Fig.

43 which ispreferably cut directly in the shaft. On the outer end of the shaft 5v is mounted a -disk having a collar or hub held to the shaft by but I havev illustrated an electric motor preferably 4of the induction type to be directly 'connected to the said sourceV of supply. To give a variable 16 braking action the field parts are pivoted at Il to the main casting. 'I'he poles ofthe eld are adapted to'be adjustedabout this pivot point Il Hby means of a screw I5 threaded through the upper plate I6 attached` tdthe main casting by 20 y four screws I 1, two only being shown in Fig. 4.v

These bolts screw into the holes IB` shown 'in uFig.3.

The screwl I5 threads through a-sleeve or nut I9 whichhas a flattened shank 20 shown in dotted 25 linesl in Fig. 3. This shank-nts in an opening in an arm 2| in such away that the nut is held from turning but is loose enough to permit the nut and Vscrew to move the iield frame about the pivot A A point III. VA spring 22 encircles the -screw I5 and 30 bears at one end against the arm 2| and at the other against the upper plate I6'. A cotter pin 22 may be used in the screw I5 'to prevent it from being threadedcompletely out oi' the nut I9.

By turning the screw I5 the ileld poles may be 35 rotated aboutthe point I 4 and thus adjust the amount of flux that will'pass across the gap between the poles and through-the teeth' il. lThese teeth II should be of some good conducting ma-A .terial such as copper. va worm gear 23 (Figs..3 and 4) pinned,`keyed or Theworm 9 meshes with otherwise rigidly fastened to turntable shaft 24,

' This shaft makes a bearing fit -with the opening .724" in the main casting (Figs. 8 and 9). The l shaft at the upper end has'apin V2Q seated in a 45 groove-in the collar 28.' On 'this collar'rests a washer 21 preferably of soft rubber which acts .as thel driving'connection for the s uperposed turntable 28. Toincrease theclutching action a series of depressions 29 may be formed in the 50 hub :l of theturntable.l Ilz'shjouidbev noted in this case that there is no rigid connection between the turntable shaft and-the turntable but the frictional driving meansis such 'that the turntable' win rotate. when me shanrocates unless,

2.5 elevated 'position the said sets'of teeth are in screw 32 the turntable shaft maybe adjusted,

after which the lock nut 35' holds the adjustment. Rotatably fitting on the turntable shaft 25 is a pinion 36 having ashroud 3l and two ormore clutch teeth-38 which areadapted to be engaged byclutch teeth 39 on the clutch part d@ slidably )fitting on a thin bushing @l which taken with the yworm gear 23 serves tov position the pinion 35 vertically while permitting it -to rotate on the turntable shaft. I

.The clutch parthas a slot 52 in which ts a pin 53 extending through the bushing 'til and the turntable shaft. -When the clutch is in low- .ered position, as shown in Fig. 4, the .teeth 38 are out of engagement with' the teeth' 39 and rotation of thel motor and turntable shafts will not rotate this pinion. When theclutch is in engagement with each other, and when the motor and turntable shafts rotate pinion;36 must also rotate. f

A clutch lever '54 pivoted atl-55 to an H5 of a support bracket t1 V("igs. '1 and 11). This clutch lever has a headfiil of arcuate shape to conform .to the circular contour of the cam 69. The support bracket 41 has two holes 50 and 5|. The hole i5I) receives one end of asupporting stud 52. The other end of the stud 52 is threaded into the supporting' plate i6. The other hole 5| re calvesone end ofan intermediate gear stud 53. These 'two studs support the .clutch and trip mechanism of Figs.5, 6, and 1.

Oh the stud 58 is-journalled the intermediate gear consisting of two gears 56,55.' These gears.- travel as a unit and they are preferably die cast as one unit. The gear 55 meshes with the pinion 36 and the gear 54 meshes with the gear 55 formed integrally lwith the cam 49 (Fig. 10) The cam is supported on a stud 51 threaded into the arm 58 of the main casting. The 'cam on its upper surface has alridge59 in which is a groove 60 adapted to receive the point 6| of the follower arm 62 (F1582). This follower arm is fastened to the lower part 63 of the pickup arm 64, whichhas at itsfQee 'end a pickup mechanism 65 operated by' a needle B6 in a well known way. The

mechanism of thepiakup may be of any standard form and itis not described as it forms no part of this invention. The pickup arm is'pivoted for universal movement bythe following means.

A swivel post 81p! T-shape supportsthe pick,

up arm. At its lower end this swivel has a y' cone that fits 'in an adjusting screw 68 threaded through'a bracket 88 fastened to thetop plate l 6'; The upper partof the vswivel post has a. coni-g calsocket in which fits a'cone 10 fastened to 'a ysmall lug 1|.'struck up Ilfom the top plate l I8 (Fig.

, The pickup armfrotatesin a 'hole 12. generated from a center passing through the swivel metal is punched vout for reception of theplckup.'

The pickup is hbllow, as indlcated in Fig. 1,

for reception of the pickup wires (not shown). The back side of thelower part of the pickup arm is cutaway at 18 sothat the lug 1| extends through thecutaway part'lnto the center of the hollow in the pickup ann. By this arrangement aclarar the pickuparm has sumcient rotary movement to performits usual function. fl'he upper part of the swivel bracket has two conical sockets 1l receiving two adjusting screws 15 threaded throughthe lower sides of the pickup arm. The pickup arm thus may rotate in a vertical plane about .the points of the srews'15 and may .rotate in a horizontal` plane about thel pivotal points of the stud 'i0 and screw 58, thus giving-universal movement.

The lower part of the swivel post 51 has an arm 1S (Figs. 1 and 3) to which isfastened a pawl arm 11. This pawl \arm is irregular in shape. It has a base. portion 18 receiving two screws 19 and another screw 80. The two screws 19 pass throughjholes in this head portion and are threaded into the 'arm 15. 'I'he screw S0 is threaded through the head 18 and abuts against thearm 15.' By loosening either the one or the other of the screws 19 and threading in the screw 80, orviceversa, the pawl Iarm- 11 may be adjusted in position. The pawl arm extends downwardly at 8| (Fig. 1)', then horizontally at 82, thenV downwardly at 83, horizontally at 86, verti 'cally at 85 and horizontally in a reverse direction at 86. The vertical portion 85 has an arm 01 extending at right angles to it (Fig. 3) vand to this arm `at 88 is pivoted a saw-toothed trip -89 having a projectiong bent at right angles and overlapping thearm'.4 81 so as to limit this move.-

which is pivoted at 98 a trip dog 91.. This head also has a' stop p'in 88 adapted to engage a tongue 99 of the trip dog and limit its downward movegiliitwhen tripped ina way to be later described.

tongue 99 seats in a notch having the'upper lip |00 in the head |00' of the support bracket 41.

.Pivcted to the throw-out lever 8| at lillY is a latch -|02. This latch has a knife edge. |03

'adapted to` engage the catch |00 of the trip 81.

It 'also has another knife edge |05 in a lower plane to engage the saw-teeth of pawl .89. A spring |08 has one end fastened to a turned over.

ear |01 on the clutch lever 44 and the other end it'ting .in av notch |00 4in the throw-out lever. The latch |02 has an arm. |08 bent at .right angles to extend over the top of the throw-out lever 9|. An arm ||0 also is bent at right'angles from the top portionofthe latch to extend over the top of the throw-.out lever.` These two arms permit the latch 'to have alimited movement about its pivot point |0| to act as positive stops at the limits of movement. l The arm U0 is also adapted to be4 engagedby the projection 86- on the pawl 'arm11.

sm'face Illshown more clearly in dotted lines. vin Flg. 3. Thiscam surface starts at the point'.

H5 and ends at the point IIT, and between these two points thesurface is cylindrical. The horlzontal'portion H8 of the horizontal discard leveris benttolektend vertlcallyat H8 and thencehorizontally at H8'. The pivoted stud III 'passes card lever and permits this lever to move in a .horizontal plane when the cam head ||4 engages the cam surface 5. A spring |22'has o ne end 'fastened to an ear |23 bent at right angles from the horizontal `portion ||3'.' (Fig. 2) and the` 1 'other lend fastened in a hole l|24 of the support these lears and on the pivot pin is pivoted the, lhorizontal portion |21of the vertical discard lebracket 41# The cam -||5 therefore moves-the horizontal discard lever |.|2 counter clockwise about the pivot in-Fig. 3 andthe spring |22 returns it' clockwise when the cam head ||4 re- `cedes with the cam surface I5.

'me vertical portion na of the horizontal discard lever has two ears |25 bent at right angles thereto. Pivot pin |28 passes through holes in ver. 'Ihis vertical discard lever has an upstanding portion |28 in the end of which is fastened a stud |29. Roller |30 isrotatably secured tothis stud and is 'adapted to engage the.y topmost record and limit the downward motion pf the vertical discard lever.V The vertical portion |25 alsohas a tongue |3| that terminates short of the roller. v n When the discard lever drops until the roller |30 engages the topmost recor'dthe tongue is inline with the lower surface of this record.

To prevent the discard lever from "loweringv and thus getting into position to eject a record a i repeat lever |32 is used. 'Ihis repeat lever has a slot |33 through which extends al headed screw |34.y This screwu threads into the top plate I5. The repeat lever has 'an upstanding finger' piece 35 which extends through a slot |38`in the plate I8. The repeat lever extends downwardly in a; vertical direction at |31 andthence horizontally at v|38 in position to lie'under the horizontal portion |21 of the discard lever when'the nnger piece |35 is pushed vertically in Fig. 3; In this position the discard lever cannot lower by force of gravity to discard a record and the record will be repeated.

vTheyvertical discard-lever |25 is turvi'iedclockwise in Fig. 2 against the forceof gravity by'ari elevating lever |39 pivoted at |40to a bracket |4| vsupported from the top plate ;|6. The elevating l lever has the upper end in Fig. ,3- onset at |42 from which it further extends in a :verticaldi- .o

rection in this figure. Then at right angles to this portion is a projection |43 which has a turned over end |44 that lies under the :vertical discard lever |21. 'Ihe lower end of the elevating lever in Fig. 3 has a turned-over end |45 that' passes beneath the cam edge of the main cam 45. In

Fig. 2 the cam surfacegiies in a horizontal plane to the'lett of points |48 and |41 andto the right vof these points the cani is irregular. It slopes up- Y wardly from point |48 to point|43 and thence horizontally `to the, point |45 and then' down- "wardlyfto the point |41. f

' The bracket |50 (Fig-1) is fastened to the top plate I5.v The horizontal portion |5| of this bracket carries` a stopl switch consisting of two contacts |52, |53,n mounted on arms thatareinsulated from each otherand each one of which lis connected in circuit (not shown) .of the driving motor 5. Either one or both of these contact arms may be leaf springs. An insulation pin |54 passes through a `hole in the guiding strip |55 and extends upwardly in position to engage an operating channel plate |55. This channel plate is 'heldto the bracket I5.. by a headed rivet |51. The plate |56 is adapted to be engaged by the horizontal follower arm 52. When the p ickup arm descends below Vthe level of the turntable o .i i l a v l orma? through holes |20 and |2| in the horizontal dis- `in?! application ld March 4, .1932, Serial .Dlailied.

The motor having been previously stopped by absence of a record on`the turntable, the clutch mechanism willbe in released `position, as will later be explained. To start the phonograph the user will move the pickup arm to the left in Fig. Zat which time the follower point 6| will be free of the groove 60 and will be j ust clearing the ilange of the gear 55. The bottom edge |58 of the-follower arm will be resting on the channel `bar |56 (Fig. l) and switch contacts? |52,4 |53 20` lwill be open. -The motor therefore will be de- 'energized. A supply of records will be placed on the turntable with pin |59 extending through the holes in the center of the records. A con'- siderable numberof records may be placed on the turntable but for illustrative purposes I haveA only shown in full 'lines one record |60 on the turntable in Fig. l; The user will now raisethe pickup arm 84 which will-immediately start the motor because the raising of the pickup arm 30 permits the spring strips to close the contacts |52, |53, when pressure is removed from the insula.-` tionp in |54. As soon as themotor starts the e vturntable commences torevolve because of the permanent connection between the turntable and 35 the motor through gear 23 and worm 9. 'Ihe cam 43 remains stationary at this time because the clutch by supposition is` open (Fig. 4). The user will then move the pickup arm until the needle rests in the beginning of the record groove. 40 The record will be played in the usual way and when` finished the needle will enter the discard groove at the center. At present there are two types of discard grooves in general use with reeords. One o f these is an eccentric circular groove intowhich the playing groove leads. Another is a spiral groove-leadingfrom the playing groove e toward'the center ot the'record e Let it be assumed that the record has the ec` centric type of ard groove. The needle-therefore will'be led into this eccentric circular` groove when the playing ceases. One complete turn-of the record will then swing the needle and the connecte'dpickup arm quickly inwardly and again outwardly as the needle follows this eccentric `discard groove. As the pickup arm swings outwardly the connected pawl arm 11 will likewise move outwardly. When the discard groove causes' the -pawl arm 11 to move inwardly the slantlng teeth of dog 88 (Figs. 2 and 5) glide over 00 ,tooth |05 on latch |02 without disturbing the clutch mechanism. However, as the pawl arm -11 moves outwardly the slant/ing teeth of the pawlJ engagethe tooth |05 of the latch-|02 and lmove it aroundlts pivot point |8| counter-clockwise in 65;' "Fig, 5. This frees the tooth |03 from the notch |04 andjpermits the weight .of the'clutch land j throw-out levers and connected parts to drop downwardly and elevate'the clutchl member 40. During this movement the tooth 99 slides Vdown 70 edgev |51'. Pin l98 limitsk the: movement of the dog 81. AIfhisbrings the teeth 39 intoengage'- l ment with the/ teeth '38. Pinion 35 is now forced to rotate and itin turn rotates the cani 49 through the'fintermediate gears. 75

to the outer edges of the grooves on thenext rec'- ord. At about this time the cam head |45 passes down the slanting surface between the points |96 'and '|48 (Fig. 2) of the skirt of the cam and permits gravity to lowerthe discard arm |28 until the'roller |30 rests upon the topmost record. Also at about this time the cam surface ||5 (which is the surface between points ||6 and |I engages the cam head ||4 of the horizontal discard arm ||2.` This quickly moves the vertical discard arm |28 about the pivot stud 'I'his brings the roller |30 out to the outer edge of the topmost record.. I t is preferable to so proportion the parts that this outward movement vwill 'take place before the roller |80 is lowered to rest on the topmost record. As the cam continues to rotate the cam head ||4 will finally ride down the slanting cam surface toward the point l I l. Spring |22 then moves the horizontal discard arm l|2 andthe connected vertical discard arm |28 to the left in Figs. l and 3. This will force the tongue or wedge |3| beneath the topmost record. The rotation of the cam now brings the cam head |45 of the elevating lever |38 (Fig. 2) down the slanting surface between points |49 vand Il'l'and the discard arm |28 is raised upwardly, as shown in Fig. 1. This movement will y continue until the played record is fully free of 'hopper or receptacle (not shown).

the center pin |59. As soon as the record is thus mains elevated because the cam head |95 is fol- 1 lowing the horizontal portion of the skirt between the points |41 and |96. Also during the last movement of the cam the projecting lug |65 thereon (Fig. 7) moves along the top edge A|86 of the clutch lever `head 44 untilit engages the slanting lug |51 projecting from the throw-out lever 8|. This turns the throw-out lever about its pivot point 92 and brings the point 99 of the dog 91 against the protruding upper lip |00 and the dog 91 is forced to rotate about its pivot point 9B and the latch |02 moves clockwise in Fig. 6 until Vthe notch |09 snaps under the tooth |04. The rotation of the dog 91 is limited by the tongue 99 engaging the stop pin 98. Just after this occurs the camlug |65 on the cam 99 passes out from between the .projection '|81 and the clutch lever head 91. .The-throw-out lever and connected parts, however, cannot drop downwardly again because' the'engagement of notch |00 with tooth 99. preventsthis. Just as soon as the cam lug |85 p asses free of camg head 91 vspring |06 snaps the clutch leverl 94 around its pivot point 65 and opens the clutch by disengaging the teeth 89 from the teeth 88. This happens about` the time vthe `pickup arm is lowered to bring the needle 66 against' the topmost record.

When the needle is lowered against the record To start the instrument again the user would re- 'A being played, the playing may be stopped at once spiral discard groove." The second one will disaoiars? adjacent the beginning of the playing EIOOYe the playing of the next .record immediately starts and this record will be played in the usual way, as previously described. f p

Let it be assumed that this next` record 'has a 5 spiral discard groove. When the needle reaches the end of the playing groove it will be led into this spiral groove .and quickly drawn toward the center of the record. This will bring the projection 86 (Figs. 2 and 5) against the arm ||0 lo which will cause the latch |02 to rotate about its pivot point |0|. This will free tooth IM, of the latch 91' from the notch |08 of the trip dog |02. The weight of the throw-out lever 9| and the connected parts will thus cause the throw-out 15 e .lever to move around its pivot 92 while thepoint 99 of thevdog 97 slides free of the notch |00 and down edge |51 of the stationary bracket dfi. This movement also rotatesthe clutch lever about the point as previouslydescribed and brings the 20 clutch teeth 39 into ,engagement with the teeth 98. 'I'his causes the rotation of the main cam 49 which-brings about a sequence of results already described.

From the foregoing it will be evident that the 25 series of records on the turntable will be played one after'another no matter whether the records have a spiral or concentric discard groove. When the last record is played and discarded from the turntable the pickup arm will be brought down- 90 .wardly, as previously described, but there being no record for the needle 66 to rest on, the lower edge |58 of the follower arm will engage the channel bar |58 and force the contacts |52 and |53 apart by engaging the insulation pin |5185 'I'hese switch contacts being in the circuit of the motor, the motor will stop.

To start the phonograph again the user will place a supply of records on the turntable and the operation previously described will be re- 40 peated.

If the user desiresthat a record be repeated button or'iinger piece |55 will be moved to the right in Fig. 2. 'This will bring the horizontal portion |38 *of the repeat lever beneath the vertical dis- 45 card arm |28. When the record that is being played is nished allv of the operations previously described will be repeated except that discard arm |28 is prevented from lowering as the elevating arm |89 is lowered. Therefore the eject arm can- 50 `the/pickup arm will .be raised slightly and movef outwardly clear of the records and then lowered untilthe ledge |58 of thafollower arm engages the channel ^bar |55 and separates the contacts ofthe motor switch which will stop the motor.

verse the process by raising the pickup arm and 65 depositing it at the beginning of the playing groove ofthe topmost record.

- Ii' the operator is dissatisfied with the record by resting the pickup arm and either moving it quickly toward the center pin or by oscillating it slightly. The first movement will discard the record as fthough the needle had entered the f repel tooth liz and slow' the shaft down to the card it as though the needle had entered an eccorrect speed 1440 R. P. M.

centric groove. A

'I'he phonograph mechanism may be `used with any type of speed control but I have developed a .special form that gives excellent control of the speed and I 'therefore prefer to use it. This speed control I call a "synchronator Its theory of A.

y operation will now be given. I

The particular source of power in the example given is an induction motor, say of the squirrel cage type, assumedto operate A,on 60 cycle current. This 60 cycle currentis used to energize the synchronator coil I5. 'Iwice each cycle the flux willrise to maximum value. In` each minute of.

time there will be 7200 times that Vthe ux will reach a maximum andlikewise fall to zero.

The motor is designed to run at about 1600 R. P. M. at normal load if there were no braking action. To obtain the regulating, braking action the motor shaft is preferablyheld to some speed less than 1600. By using live prongs or teeth in the disk a tooth can be positioned in 'the center of the field of the pole pieces* I2, I3, during each` zero value of the flux if the shafthas a speed of the teeth |10, I1 I, equidistant from the center line 'of the field poles. When the flux is next at maximum the teeth |1I,4 |12 will have moved up to the equidistant position. and in turn the pairs of teeth |12, |13 and |13, |14, will assume that position. When the shaft'is thus rotating at 1440 t. P. M. there is maximum braking action. The

flux induces currents in the moving teeth |1I, I 12 (for example) -of equal value because they are the eld of pole pieces I2, I3. The reaction ,with the iield of tooth |10 is such as to tend to repel the disk counter-clockwise. The reaction with the eld of tooth |1| is such as to tend to repel the disk clockwise. Thisis true because the reaction between two coils of a transformer, and this is a transformer action, is such as to remove the coils out of magnetic relation with each other.' Since the teeth are equidistant from the center of the field these twoforces are balanced and there is no tendency to either speed up orretard the rotation of the disk at maximum value of the flux. As the flux decreases'the tooth |10will recede and tooth |1| will approach the center of the field ux. At this time the reacting fields of these vtwo teeth will be unequal and there will be a braking action decreasing to zero when the there will be an equal tendency to speedit up;.

During cachorro-fifth of.v a revolution these two impulses will balance out and. the net` result is that the shaft 3'has its number ofrevolutionsf neither decreased noi` increased.

If we assume that a decreased load is"placed on the motoigthe shaft 5 tends to speedup and g when there isI maximum ux in fields I2, I3, the

tooth |12 will be nearertthecenter line of the iiux than will tooth |1|, as shown inA Fig. A14. The

reaction ofthe currents induce'dtin these twog' tion equidistant from the center line of the field. These currents produce a iieldfthatfreacts with t In'this case itshould be noted that kas thecent'er of tooth |12 approaches the center of field I2, |3, the force. exerted in a clockwise direction 5 I is greater than the force exerted in a counter clockwise direction after the center is passed. This is true because the field flux isY decreasing during the approach and zero flux is not reached -untilthe tooth has passedthe center. The forces 10 will therefore not balance and there will be `a l continuous braking action.' Y

If we a'sume that an increased load is placed on K the motor, the shaft 5 tends to slow down and at the time of maximum ux the teeth |13, |14,will 15.

appear asin Fig. 15. The reaction due to tooth |13 is thus stronger than that of tooth |14 because it is nearer the center line of the eld. The disk will therefore tend to rotate counter-clockwise.

The action will continue'until the disk again ro- 20 I'tatesat 1440 R. P. M. It should be noted that center of the field I2, I3, with maximum flux, 30

or viewed inG another way, with a tooth centered in the iield at zero flux.' This is the relation that will be maintained by the synchronator up to the maximum capacity of the particular construction used.n This maximum braking capacity 35 may be made of any desired value by properly designing the parts of the regulator. y I may use any number of teeth in the synchro- ,nator disk but there is a denite relation with one source of ux in this respect given by the equa- 40 where S equals the desired speed in revolutions 45 per minute f equals the frequency or number of l cycles 'perrsecond of the current used to produce the field and T equals the number of teeth in the 'regulator disk. With 60 cycle current and four teeth'the speed wouldbe 1800 R. P. iM. Jand so on. 50

S-FXGO where P equals the number of fields.

It will also be evident that I may gear the motor 60 to the synchronator and get any desired .speed without changing the number qo'f teeth or fields.

The synchronator as ispeedmegulator per se is not claimed in thisapplication but is claimed in my copendingl filed January 9,1932. Y

H aving described my invention, what I claim is' on the lever at one end of the catch, an abutc'atc'hvwhen the rst end is engaged by said latch and to clear said end when thercatch is free of -the 1atch,1 means tol move said rst lever, and 75 pplication Serial No.'585,'106, 65 n 1.1. In phonograph trips, a lever Vhaving astai tiona'ry pivot, a catch pivoted on the lever, a latch v70 a second abutment ladapted to engage the said `end ofY the catch when the lever thus moved.

. 2. In phonograph trips, a lever pivoted at one end, a member having an edge with a notch and 3. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected to the motor, a lever toy operate' said clutch, a

second lever, a spring connecting said levers, a third lever pivoted to said second lever :having one end adapted to engage a stationary fulcrum, a latch `adapted to engage the otherend and means operated by the motor to separate said first and second mentioned'levers and cause said latch to engage the spring'to move the second mentioned lever to clutch opening position.

4. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected thereto, a pickup, a lever pivoted at one end and l 'having its other end attached to said clutch, a

vlatching lever engaging said lever and adapted to hold itagainst movement, a trip detent pivoted on said latchin'g lever, means engaging said detent to support said latching lever, a pawl arm connected to said pickup, a pawl pivoted on said pawl .arm and having a plurality of teeth slanted to ride over said detent when the pawl arm moves in one direction and to engage thedetent and disconnect it from said means when'it lis moved in the other direction and thereby trip the latching lever.- i

5. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected thereto, a pickup, a lever having Ione end .attached-to said clutch, a second lever pivoted at one of its ends, aspring between its other end andthe remaining end ofthe rst lever, 'a catch pivoted on the second leve;` adaptedn to hold thef said levers in clutch releasing position, an arm connected to said pickup, and means on said arm to operate the catchand permit Vthe levers to move to clutch closinguposition when said arm is moved inwardly beyond the playing position.

6. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected thereto, a pickup arm, a lever pivoted at one end,

means to connect the other end of the lever with nsaid clutch, a member having an ,edge with a notch andan overhanging lip, a lever pivoted intermediate its ends onthe iirst lever and having a detent .adapted to slide along said edge when the iirs't lever moves about its pivot, means connected to 'said motor to raise the first lever and `cause the detent to abut against'said lip whereby the second lever is turned about its pivot and the. detent moved intosaid notch, a latch pivoted on the lrst lever 'adapted to engage the other end of the second leverand retain the first lever in its moved position, said latch having a trip detent,

a pawl arm connected to said pickup, a pawl pivvoted on said pawl arm and having a pluralityof teeth slanted'to ride over the trip detent when lthe pawlarmis moved in one direction and to engage the same and `release the latch when'the pawl armis moved in the reverse direction.,

'7. In phonographs,-a motor. a clutch connected to the motor, ja lever -having connections to the clutch, a catch pivoted to said lever, a Supporting member having a notch adapted to engage one end of they catch. a -latch on said lever adapted said lever and a stationary abutment, each adapt-v ed to engage an end of said catch, and support the lever wlththe clutch released.

-9. In phonographs, a lever having a pivot, a catch pivoted on said lever, a latch adapted toengage one end off said catch, an abutment adapted to engage the other end of the catch, an arm adapted to trip the latch and free the catch of engagement with said abutment, and means to move said lever and bring .said catch into engag'ement with the abutment.-

10. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected to the motor, a lever having connections to said clutch, a catch pivoted to said lever, means 20 to move the lever to release the clutch, alvlatch on said lever and a stationary abutment each adapted' to engage an end of saidcatch, to support the lever with the clutch released, and means to trip the catch and close the clutch.

11. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected to the motor, a lever having connections to the clutch, a catch pivoted to said lever, a supporting member having a notch adapted to en g'age one, end 4of the catch, a latch on said lever 30 adapted to engage the other end of said catch, and means to causethe notch to engage said end to hold said clutch open through said connection y 12. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connectedto the motor, a lever having connections 35 to the clutch, a catch pivoted to said lever, a supporting member having a notch with a protruding edge, means to' move said lever to open the clutch, said movement causing one end of said catch to. engage said edge and enter the'notch and a latch 40 to engage the other end of the catch.

13. In phonographs, a motor, a clutch connected to the motor, a lever having connections to the clutch, a catch pivoted to said lever, a supporting memberhaving a notch lwith a protruding edge, means to move said lever to open the clutch, said movement causing one end of said catch to lengage said edge and enter the notch and a latch to engage the other end of the catch,

and means to move the latch to cause said lever and clutch to move to closed position.

14.- In phonographs, a motor, a`clutch connected to the motor, a lever connected to the clutch, a second lever, a spring. connecting said levers, a.I catch pivoted to the second lever, a supporting member having a notch with a protruding edge, means to move the second 'lever to open the clutch throiigh the first lever and said spring, said movementcausing one end of said catch to engage said edge and enter the notch' and a' latch 60 pivoted to said second lever and adapted to engage the other end of the catch.

15. In phonographs, a motor', a clutch connected to the motor, a lever connected to thel clutch, a second lever, a spring connected to said levers, a catch pivoted to the second lever, a sup- 'porting member having a notch with a protruding edge, means to move the second lever to open the clutch through the first lever and said spring,

- said movement causing'oiie end of said catch to 70 l engage said edge and enter the notch and alatch \pivoted to said second leverand adapted to engage the other end of the catch, land means to move the latch to cause the said levers to close the (clutch. 75

16. In phonographs, a motor, a turntable, a cam connected to the motor, a lever pivoted for movement parallel to the turntable having one end resting on said cam, a second lever pivoted to the first lever for movement perpendicular to the turntable and having means to engage the edge portionlof a record on the turntable, and means connected to the motor to raise the second `lever about its pivot to tilt the record above the cally in engagement with the second lever and aA second cam connected to the motor to engage the third lever.

18. I n phonographs, a motor, a turntable, a lever pivoted to move vertically, a discard arm rigidly .positioned on said lever, a roller on said arm, a wedge spaced from said roller,means to move the lever in a horizontal plane to insert the edge portion of a record between the roller and wedge, and means to move the lever in a vertical plane to tilt the record above the turn. table.

19. In phonographs, a motorfa turntable, a lever pivoted to move horizontally and having a. bearing near its pivot point, a second lever journalled at said bearing, means on the second lever to engage the edge of a-record, and means 10 to move thek second lever about said bearing to cause it to engage the edge of the record, and means to move the rst lever about its pivot to raise the second lever and the record engaged thereby. f

20. In phonographs, a, motor, a turntable, a lever pivoted to move horizontally, a second lever pivoted on the first levernear the pivot point thereof to move vertically, spaced abutments on the second lever, a third pivoted lever engaging 20 the-second lever, a cam rotated by said motor having a cam surface to move the lrst and third levers about their pivot points wherebyA the said abutments are caused to grasp the'edge of a record on the turntable and tilt it thereabove. 25

m ARTHUR B. WINCHELL. 

